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Filippo Calandrini
Filippo Calandrini (1403 – July 18, 1476) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and half-brother of Pope Nicholas V.
==Biography==
Born in Sarzana in the region of Liguria in 1403, he was named a canon and archdeacon of Lucca in 1440. Filippo was elected camerlengo of the cathedral chapter in 1442. Calandrini became a protonotary apostolic in 1447.
When his brother became pope, he named Filippo bishop of Bologna in 1447. In 1448, he was named cardinal Priest of Santa Susanna, his former titular church. Filippo was also became cardinal of Bologna, cardinal Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina, cardinal bishop of Albano (1468–1471), and finally in August 30, 1471, cardinal bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina. Calandrini participated in the conclaves of 1449, 1458, 1464, and 1471. In his account of the 1458 conclave that elected him pope, Pius II describes himself as stiffening his friend's spine to resist electing Guillaume d'Estouteville, Cardinal bishop of Ostia.
In 1459, Filippo succeeded Domenico Capranica as Grand penitentiary, and he is credited with improving the procedures of the Apostolic Penitentiary, regularizing the registration of petitions.〔Kirsi Salonen and Jussi Hanska, ''Entering a Clerical Career at the Roman Curia, 1458–1471'' (Farnham: Ashgate, 2013), 29.〕 Filippo was camerlengo of the College of Cardinals in 1454-1455. Calandrini is credited with Pope Paul II's 1471 decree transferring the ancient see of Luni, a decayed Etruscan city, to his home city of Sarzana. Cardinal Calandrini also had Pope Pius issue a brief on 7 April 1461 (vainly) prohibiting removal of Roman remains from Luni. Filippo died at Bagnoreggio, at the age of 73.
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